TY - THES AU - Battlay, Paul Y2 - 2020/04/20 Y1 - 2019 UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11343/237497 AB - While understanding insecticide resistance in Drosophila melanogaster is informative for controlling pest insects that threaten agricultural yields and vector deadly diseases, it also serves as a powerful model of microevolution which can be interrogated with an exceptionally powerful genetic toolkit. The Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP) provides the opportunity to study population-genetic signatures of natural selection in individuals that can be repeatedly measured for a range of phenotypes. In this work, genomic and transcriptomic data from the DGRP are compared with phenotypes from nine insecticidal compounds against the background of genome-wide signals of selection. The two most prominent signatures of selection in the population are attributable to insecticides from a single, widely-used chemical class, the organophosphates. Evidence suggests that insecticide-based selection is limited to these two loci, however the genetic bases of insecticide phenotypes appear to be complex. Insecticide-associated variation includes both structural effects through amino acid substitution and chimeric gene formation, and regulatory effects on transcript abundance by cis- and trans-acting factors. Resistance mechanisms exhibiting pleiotropic effects on insecticides from different chemical classes is found to be rare; one such case is correlated with constitutive, modular regulation of oxidative stress-related transcripts, the genetic basis of which is mapped to multiple trans-acting factors. Comparisons of the results from the DGRP with diverse population genomics data suggests that the outcomes of these analyses are applicable to populations of D. melanogaster worldwide. KW - Drosophila melanogaster KW - insecticide resistance KW - quantitative genetics KW - DGRP KW - GWAS KW - TWAS KW - organophosphate KW - pyrethroid KW - azinphos-methyl KW - chlorantraniliprole KW - DDT KW - imidacloprid KW - malathion KW - permethrin KW - acetylcholinesterase KW - Cyp6a17 KW - Cyp6a23 KW - Cyp6g1 KW - Cyp6w1 KW - selective sweep KW - H12 KW - structural variation KW - copy-number variation T1 - The quantitative genetics of insecticide resistance in Drosophila melanogaster L1 - /bitstream/handle/11343/237497/59fe1274-31b7-e911-94a8-0050568d7800_pbattlay_ThesisExamined.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y L1 - /bitstream/handle/11343/237497/59fe1274-31b7-e911-94a8-0050568d7800_Appendix3.pdf?sequence=4&isAllowed=y ER -