TY  - THES
AU  - Battlay, Paul
Y2  - 2020/04/20
Y1  - 2019
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/11343/237497
AB  - While understanding insecticide resistance in Drosophila melanogaster is informative for controlling pest insects that threaten agricultural yields and vector deadly diseases, it also serves as a powerful model of microevolution which can be interrogated with an exceptionally powerful genetic toolkit.  The Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP) provides the opportunity to study population-genetic signatures of natural selection in individuals that can be repeatedly measured for a range of phenotypes.  In this work, genomic and transcriptomic data from the DGRP are compared with phenotypes from nine insecticidal compounds against the background of genome-wide signals of selection.  The two most prominent signatures of selection in the population are attributable to insecticides from a single, widely-used chemical class, the organophosphates.  Evidence suggests that insecticide-based selection is limited to these two loci, however the genetic bases of insecticide phenotypes appear to be complex.  Insecticide-associated variation includes both structural effects through amino acid substitution and chimeric gene formation, and regulatory effects on transcript abundance by cis- and trans-acting factors.  Resistance mechanisms exhibiting pleiotropic effects on insecticides from different chemical classes is found to be rare; one such case is correlated with constitutive, modular regulation of oxidative stress-related transcripts, the genetic basis of which is mapped to multiple trans-acting factors.  Comparisons of the results from the DGRP with diverse population genomics data suggests that the outcomes of these analyses are applicable to populations of D. melanogaster worldwide.
KW  - Drosophila melanogaster
KW  - insecticide resistance
KW  - quantitative genetics
KW  - DGRP
KW  - GWAS
KW  - TWAS
KW  - organophosphate
KW  - pyrethroid
KW  - azinphos-methyl
KW  - chlorantraniliprole
KW  - DDT
KW  - imidacloprid
KW  - malathion
KW  - permethrin
KW  - acetylcholinesterase
KW  - Cyp6a17
KW  - Cyp6a23
KW  - Cyp6g1
KW  - Cyp6w1
KW  - selective sweep
KW  - H12
KW  - structural variation
KW  - copy-number variation
T1  - The quantitative genetics of insecticide resistance in Drosophila melanogaster
L1  - /bitstream/handle/11343/237497/59fe1274-31b7-e911-94a8-0050568d7800_pbattlay_ThesisExamined.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
L1  - /bitstream/handle/11343/237497/59fe1274-31b7-e911-94a8-0050568d7800_Appendix3.pdf?sequence=4&isAllowed=y
ER  -